Federal Fortress Ulm-Fort Oberer Kuhberg

Fort Oberer Kuhberg was constructed between 1848 and 1857 on the Kuhberg. The construction was initially overseen by Lieutenant von Valois for the foundations, with its completion under Captain von Gaisberg. It was part of the Federal Fortress Ulm, built between 1842 and 1859 under the direction of Moritz Karl Ernst von Prittwitz und Gaffron, and designed as one of five federal fortresses of the German Confederation. The complex featured a rampart system with mortar batteries, a surrounding wall with flanking towers, and a crescent-shaped réduit. A dry moat encircled the fort, and a blockhouse stood in front of the salient. During the Franco-Prussian War, the fort served as a prisoner-of-war camp for French soldiers. Modernizations took place between 1878 and 1882, including the installation of hollow traverses and a reduction in wall height. Further adjustments in 1903/04 included the erection of infantry fences and the reinforcement of central casemates with concrete.