Clough Castle

Clough Castle was constructed during the 12th century by John de Courcy. At this time the motte was defended by a relatively soft and flammable timber palisade of posts under 10 cm in diameter, which may have been covered with clay for added strength. Behind the palisade, there were three pits for archers to stand in, with rough loopholes framed by boulders. In the mid-13th century, a stone hall was built within the palisade, and seems to have burnt down almost immediately. A stone keep was then built, and the palisade was replaced by an earth bank. The castle may have been abandoned during the early 14th century before the keep was rebuilt as a tower house in the 15th or 16th centuries. The motte was almost completely excavated under Dudley Waterman in 1951–52, revealing the early phases of the site's occupation.