Fort IV (Köln)

Fort IV, Hereditary Grand Duke Paul of Mecklenburg, Eifelstrasse, in the Volksgarten; built 1822–1825; design: Oberbaudeputation in Berlin under the chairmanship of Schinkel, executed by Jachnik, Elsner and Buschius; 1887–1889 repurposed as the first Cologne green fort in the spirit of Romanticism as a ruin component in the park, stair towers added; design: Adolf Kowallek; used by a restaurant, temporarily with a soda fountain; 1930 first aid station of the Red Cross branch association, one tenant; 1939: first aid station of the Red Cross branch association and central warehouse of municipal administration department 824 (horticulture); after 1945: depot of the Garden and Green Spaces Office; since 1983 artist studios; preserved: core work, envelope gates, southeastern flanking ditch with escarp and counterscarp wall.