Roman Castle Eulbach (Würzberg)

With its praetorial front, the fort was oriented to the east, towards the Limes running approximately 80 meters away. The length (outer side) of the front was calculated at 71.13 m, that of the rear front at 72.50 m, the length of the left flank was estimated at 79.90 m, and that of the right flank at 79.27 m. This results in internal dimensions of approximately 70 m by 78 m, corresponding to an area of around 5500 m². The thickness of the defensive wall was probably just under 1.10 m, and it was constructed of white sandstone. A total of three gates were identified; the Porta Decumana (rear gate) was missing or, analogous to comparable Limes forts, was only executed as a small postern gate and could not be detected with the excavation techniques of the time. The Porta Praetoria (main gate) was completely removed at the beginning of the 19th century and reconstructed in Eulbach Park based on Knapp's findings documentation. In front of the defensive wall, the camp, following an approximately 75 cm wide berm, was surrounded by a ditch 6.00 m to 7.50 m wide and 1.50 m to 1.60 m deep, which was interrupted by an earthen dam in front of the Porta Principalis Dextra (right side gate) and the Porta Principalis Sinistra (left side gate).

On the inside of the camp, behind the defensive wall, there was an approximately five-meter-wide rampart that supported the rampart walk. The main camp roads, Via Praetoria, Via Decumana, Via Principalis, and Via Muralis, were paved with stone infills and a surface of small stones and pebbles. No remains of building walls could be found, but the frequency of brick fragments, as well as the pavements interpreted as floors, suggest a formerly solid internal construction.

Eulbach Fort was probably used from the Trajanic period until at least 159 AD and underwent at least two construction phases during this time, from a wood-and-earth fort to a stone fort. The unnamed garrison was likely a Numerus, an auxiliary troop unit of about 160 men.

Most of the structural remains and other finds were removed during the first excavations and brought to the immediately adjacent Eulbach Park, which was laid out at the same time. There, they were reconstructed less in a technically correct manner than in the style of the time, or, together with other finds from Odenwald Limes forts, were used as spolia in landscape architecture and can still be viewed today. Beyond that, only faint traces are still discernible in the terrain, especially since the fort area is crossed by Federal Highway 47.